"-эм" meaning in All languages combined

See -эм on Wiktionary

Suffix [Udmurt]

IPA: [-ˈɛm]
Etymology: From Proto-Permic *-äm. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm) and Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm). Etymology templates: {{inh|udm|urj-prm-pro|*-m|*-äm}} Proto-Permic *-äm, {{cog|kpv|-ӧм}} Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm), {{cog|koi|-ӧм}} Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm) Head templates: {{head|udm|suffix}} -эм • (-em) Forms: -em [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эм [nominative, singular], -эмъёс [nominative, plural], -эмез [accusative, singular], -эмъёсыз [accusative, plural], -эмлэн [genitive, singular], -эмъёслэн [genitive, plural], -эмлы [dative, singular], -эмъёслы [dative, plural], -эмлэсь [ablative, singular], -эмъёслэсь [ablative, plural], -эмен [instrumental, singular], -эмъёсын [instrumental, plural], -эмтэк [abessive, singular], -эмъёстэк [abessive, plural], -эмъя [adverbial, singular], -эмъёсъя [adverbial, plural], -эмын [inessive, singular], -эмъёсын [inessive, plural], -эме [illative, singular], -эмъёсы [illative, plural], -эмысь [elative, singular], -эмъёсысь [elative, plural], -эмысьен [egressive, singular], -эмъёсысьен [egressive, plural], -эмозь [singular, terminative], -эмъёсозь [plural, terminative], -эметӥ [prolative, singular], -эмъёсытӥ [plural, prolative], -эмлань [allative, singular], -эмъёслань [allative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эме [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсы [nominative, plural, possessive], -эмме [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсме [accusative, plural, possessive], -эмелэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёсылэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эмелы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсылы [dative, plural, possessive], -эмелэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсылэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменым [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыным [instrumental, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эмед [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыд [nominative, plural, possessive], -эмдэ [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёстэ [accusative, plural, possessive], -эмедлэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыдлэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эмедлы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыдлы [dative, plural, possessive], -эмедлэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыдлэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменыд [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыныд [instrumental, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эмез [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыз [nominative, plural, possessive], -эмзэ [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёссэ [accusative, plural, possessive], -эмезлэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёсызлэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эмезлы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсызлы [dative, plural, possessive], -эмезлэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсызлэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменыз [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыныз [instrumental, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эммы [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсмы [nominative, plural, possessive], -эммэс [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсмес [accusative, plural, possessive], -эммылэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёсмылэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эммылы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсмылы [dative, plural, possessive], -эммылэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсмылэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменымы [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсынымы [instrumental, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эмды [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёсты [nominative, plural, possessive], -эмдэс [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёстэс [accusative, plural, possessive], -эмдылэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёстылэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эмдылы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёстылы [dative, plural, possessive], -эмдылэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёстылэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменыды [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсыныды [instrumental, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -эмзы [nominative, possessive, singular], -эмъёссы [nominative, plural, possessive], -эмзэс [accusative, possessive, singular], -эмъёссэс [accusative, plural, possessive], -эмзылэн [genitive, possessive, singular], -эмъёссылэн [genitive, plural, possessive], -эмзылы [dative, possessive, singular], -эмъёссылы [dative, plural, possessive], -эмзылэсь [ablative, possessive, singular], -эмъёссылэсь [ablative, plural, possessive], -эменызы [instrumental, possessive, singular], -эмъёсынызы [instrumental, plural, possessive]
  1. Used to form nouns derived from verbs, denoting an action, state, or process: -ing Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--эм-udm-suffix-FfJGc4QQ
  2. Used to form result nouns from other nouns. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--эм-udm-suffix-igErKghl Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Udmurt entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 38 62 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 30 70 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 71 Disambiguation of Udmurt entries with incorrect language header: 31 69
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "urj-prm-pro",
        "3": "*-m",
        "4": "*-äm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Permic *-äm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kpv",
        "2": "-ӧм"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koi",
        "2": "-ӧм"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Permic *-äm. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm) and Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-em",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эм",
      "roman": "-em",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёс",
      "roman": "-emjos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмез",
      "roman": "-emez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыз",
      "roman": "-emjosyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлэн",
      "roman": "-emlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслэн",
      "roman": "-emjoslen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлы",
      "roman": "-emly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслы",
      "roman": "-emjosly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлэсь",
      "roman": "-emleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмен",
      "roman": "-emen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсын",
      "roman": "-emjosyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмтэк",
      "roman": "-emtek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэк",
      "roman": "-emjostek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъя",
      "roman": "-emja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсъя",
      "roman": "-emjosja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмын",
      "roman": "-emyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсын",
      "roman": "-emjosyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эме",
      "roman": "-eme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсы",
      "roman": "-emjosy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмысь",
      "roman": "-emyś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсысь",
      "roman": "-emjosyś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмысьен",
      "roman": "-emyśjen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсысьен",
      "roman": "-emjosyśjen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмозь",
      "roman": "-emoź",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсозь",
      "roman": "-emjosoź",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эметӥ",
      "roman": "-emeti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсытӥ",
      "roman": "-emjosyti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлань",
      "roman": "-emlań",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслань",
      "roman": "-emjoslań",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эме",
      "roman": "-eme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсы",
      "roman": "-emjosy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмме",
      "roman": "-emme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсме",
      "roman": "-emjosme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелэн",
      "roman": "-emelen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылэн",
      "roman": "-emjosylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелы",
      "roman": "-emely",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылы",
      "roman": "-emjosyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелэсь",
      "roman": "-emeleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменым",
      "roman": "-emenym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыным",
      "roman": "-emjosynym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмед",
      "roman": "-emed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыд",
      "roman": "-emjosyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдэ",
      "roman": "-emde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэ",
      "roman": "-emjoste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлэн",
      "roman": "-emedlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлэн",
      "roman": "-emjosydlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлы",
      "roman": "-emedly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлы",
      "roman": "-emjosydly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлэсь",
      "roman": "-emedleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosydleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыд",
      "roman": "-emenyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныд",
      "roman": "-emjosynyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмез",
      "roman": "-emez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыз",
      "roman": "-emjosyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзэ",
      "roman": "-emze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссэ",
      "roman": "-emjosse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлэн",
      "roman": "-emezlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлэн",
      "roman": "-emjosyzlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлы",
      "roman": "-emezly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлы",
      "roman": "-emjosyzly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлэсь",
      "roman": "-emezleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosyzleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыз",
      "roman": "-emenyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныз",
      "roman": "-emjosynyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммы",
      "roman": "-emmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмы",
      "roman": "-emjosmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммэс",
      "roman": "-emmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмес",
      "roman": "-emjosmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылэн",
      "roman": "-emmylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылэн",
      "roman": "-emjosmylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылы",
      "roman": "-emmyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылы",
      "roman": "-emjosmyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылэсь",
      "roman": "-emmyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosmyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменымы",
      "roman": "-emenymy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсынымы",
      "roman": "-emjosynymy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмды",
      "roman": "-emdy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсты",
      "roman": "-emjosty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдэс",
      "roman": "-emdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэс",
      "roman": "-emjostes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылэн",
      "roman": "-emdylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылэн",
      "roman": "-emjostylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылы",
      "roman": "-emdyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылы",
      "roman": "-emjostyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылэсь",
      "roman": "-emdyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjostyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыды",
      "roman": "-emenydy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныды",
      "roman": "-emjosynydy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзы",
      "roman": "-emzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссы",
      "roman": "-emjossy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзэс",
      "roman": "-emzes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссэс",
      "roman": "-emjosses",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылэн",
      "roman": "-emzylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылэн",
      "roman": "-emjossylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылы",
      "roman": "-emzyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылы",
      "roman": "-emjossyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылэсь",
      "roman": "-emzyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjossyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменызы",
      "roman": "-emenyzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсынызы",
      "roman": "-emjosynyzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-эм • (-em)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Udmurt",
  "lang_code": "udm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form nouns derived from verbs, denoting an action, state, or process: -ing"
      ],
      "id": "en--эм-udm-suffix-FfJGc4QQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Udmurt entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--эм-udm-suffix-igErKghl",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[-ˈɛm]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-эм"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Udmurt entries with incorrect language header",
    "Udmurt lemmas",
    "Udmurt suffixes",
    "Udmurt terms derived from Proto-Permic",
    "Udmurt terms inherited from Proto-Permic",
    "Udmurt terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "urj-prm-pro",
        "3": "*-m",
        "4": "*-äm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Permic *-äm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kpv",
        "2": "-ӧм"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koi",
        "2": "-ӧм"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Permic *-äm. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian -ӧм (-öm) and Komi-Permyak -ӧм (-öm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-em",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эм",
      "roman": "-em",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёс",
      "roman": "-emjos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмез",
      "roman": "-emez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыз",
      "roman": "-emjosyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлэн",
      "roman": "-emlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслэн",
      "roman": "-emjoslen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлы",
      "roman": "-emly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслы",
      "roman": "-emjosly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлэсь",
      "roman": "-emleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмен",
      "roman": "-emen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсын",
      "roman": "-emjosyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмтэк",
      "roman": "-emtek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэк",
      "roman": "-emjostek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъя",
      "roman": "-emja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсъя",
      "roman": "-emjosja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмын",
      "roman": "-emyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсын",
      "roman": "-emjosyn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эме",
      "roman": "-eme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсы",
      "roman": "-emjosy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмысь",
      "roman": "-emyś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсысь",
      "roman": "-emjosyś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмысьен",
      "roman": "-emyśjen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсысьен",
      "roman": "-emjosyśjen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмозь",
      "roman": "-emoź",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсозь",
      "roman": "-emjosoź",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эметӥ",
      "roman": "-emeti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсытӥ",
      "roman": "-emjosyti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмлань",
      "roman": "-emlań",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёслань",
      "roman": "-emjoslań",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эме",
      "roman": "-eme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсы",
      "roman": "-emjosy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмме",
      "roman": "-emme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсме",
      "roman": "-emjosme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелэн",
      "roman": "-emelen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылэн",
      "roman": "-emjosylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелы",
      "roman": "-emely",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылы",
      "roman": "-emjosyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмелэсь",
      "roman": "-emeleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменым",
      "roman": "-emenym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыным",
      "roman": "-emjosynym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмед",
      "roman": "-emed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыд",
      "roman": "-emjosyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдэ",
      "roman": "-emde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэ",
      "roman": "-emjoste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлэн",
      "roman": "-emedlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлэн",
      "roman": "-emjosydlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлы",
      "roman": "-emedly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлы",
      "roman": "-emjosydly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмедлэсь",
      "roman": "-emedleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыдлэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosydleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыд",
      "roman": "-emenyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныд",
      "roman": "-emjosynyd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмез",
      "roman": "-emez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыз",
      "roman": "-emjosyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзэ",
      "roman": "-emze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссэ",
      "roman": "-emjosse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлэн",
      "roman": "-emezlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлэн",
      "roman": "-emjosyzlen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлы",
      "roman": "-emezly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлы",
      "roman": "-emjosyzly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмезлэсь",
      "roman": "-emezleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсызлэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosyzleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыз",
      "roman": "-emenyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныз",
      "roman": "-emjosynyz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммы",
      "roman": "-emmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмы",
      "roman": "-emjosmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммэс",
      "roman": "-emmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмес",
      "roman": "-emjosmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылэн",
      "roman": "-emmylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылэн",
      "roman": "-emjosmylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылы",
      "roman": "-emmyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылы",
      "roman": "-emjosmyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эммылэсь",
      "roman": "-emmyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсмылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjosmyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменымы",
      "roman": "-emenymy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсынымы",
      "roman": "-emjosynymy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмды",
      "roman": "-emdy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсты",
      "roman": "-emjosty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдэс",
      "roman": "-emdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстэс",
      "roman": "-emjostes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылэн",
      "roman": "-emdylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылэн",
      "roman": "-emjostylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылы",
      "roman": "-emdyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылы",
      "roman": "-emjostyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмдылэсь",
      "roman": "-emdyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёстылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjostyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменыды",
      "roman": "-emenydy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсыныды",
      "roman": "-emjosynydy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзы",
      "roman": "-emzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссы",
      "roman": "-emjossy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзэс",
      "roman": "-emzes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссэс",
      "roman": "-emjosses",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылэн",
      "roman": "-emzylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылэн",
      "roman": "-emjossylen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылы",
      "roman": "-emzyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылы",
      "roman": "-emjossyly",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмзылэсь",
      "roman": "-emzyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёссылэсь",
      "roman": "-emjossyleś",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эменызы",
      "roman": "-emenyzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-эмъёсынызы",
      "roman": "-emjosynyzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-эм • (-em)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Udmurt",
  "lang_code": "udm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form nouns derived from verbs, denoting an action, state, or process: -ing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[-ˈɛm]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-эм"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -эм meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.